Below is a Java Xml DOM Tutorial program to demonstrate how to work with XML using Java API

This program will illustrate the following concepts;

• The Creation of an XML Document, element node, attribute node, comment node, processing instruction and a CDATA section
• How to use DOM to work with XML
• How to build a DOM Tree
• How to write a DOM tree to a file
• How to read a DOM tree from a file
• How to read the Nodes of a DOM tree

This example below creates a file “Employee.xml” in the same path as that of the source code path

[sourcecode language='java']
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.Result;
import javax.xml.transform.Source;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactoryConfigurationError;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;

import org.w3c.dom.Attr;
import org.w3c.dom.Comment;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.w3c.dom.Text;
import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

class Employees {

private String gender;

private String firstName;

private String lastName;

public String getFirstName() {
return firstName;
}

public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
this.firstName = firstName;
}

public String getGender() {
return gender;
}

public void setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}

public String getLastName() {
return lastName;
}

public void setLastName(String lastName) {
this.lastName = lastName;
}

public Employees(String name, String gender, String name2) {
firstName = name;
this.gender = gender;
lastName = name2;
}

public String toString() {
return firstName + “\t” + gender + “\t” + lastName;
}

}

public class BuildXmlUsingDom {
private Document document;

public BuildXmlUsingDom() {
DocumentBuilderFactory dBF = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
try {
DocumentBuilder builder = dBF.newDocumentBuilder(); // java xml documentbuilder
document = builder.newDocument();
} catch (ParserConfigurationException parserException) {
parserException.printStackTrace();
}

Element root = document.createElement(”Employees”);
document.appendChild(root);

// add comment to XML document
Comment simpleComment = document.createComment(”Employee Details”);
root.appendChild(simpleComment);

// add Employee child elements
Node employeeNode = createEmployees(document);
root.appendChild(employeeNode);

// We can also add processing instructions and java xml cdata Sections as shown

/*
* ProcessingInstruction pi = document.createProcessingInstruction(
* “myInstruction”, “action silent”); root.appendChild(pi);
*
* CDATASection cdata = document .createCDATASection(”I can add <, >,
* and ?”); root.appendChild(cdata);
*/

// write the XML document to disk
try {

// create DOMSource for source XML document
Source xmlSource = new DOMSource(document);

// create StreamResult for transformation result
Result result = new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream(
“Employee.xml”));

// create TransformerFactory
TransformerFactory transformerFactory = TransformerFactory
.newInstance();

// create Transformer for transformation
Transformer transformer = transformerFactory.newTransformer();

transformer.setOutputProperty(”indent”, “yes”); //Java XML Indent

// transform and deliver content to client
transformer.transform(xmlSource, result);
}

// handle exception creating TransformerFactory
catch (TransformerFactoryConfigurationError factoryError) {
System.err.println(”Error creating ” + “TransformerFactory”);
factoryError.printStackTrace();
} catch (TransformerException transformerError) {
System.err.println(”Error transforming document”);
transformerError.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException ioException) {
ioException.printStackTrace();
}
}

public Node createEmployees(Document document) {

// create FirstName and LastName elements
Element firstName = document.createElement(”FirstName”);
Element lastName = document.createElement(”LastName”);

// java xml text
firstName.appendChild(document.createTextNode(”Shawn”));
lastName.appendChild(document.createTextNode(”Michaels”));

// create employee element
Element employee = document.createElement(”Employee”);

// java xml attributes
Attr genderAttribute = document.createAttribute(”gender”);
genderAttribute.setValue(”M”);

// append attribute to contact element
employee.setAttributeNode(genderAttribute);
employee.appendChild(firstName);
employee.appendChild(lastName);

return employee;
}

// Function to read DOM Tree from File
public Document readingXMLFromFile() {
DocumentBuilderFactory dBF = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
dBF.setIgnoringComments(true); // Ignore the comments present in the
// XML File when reading the xml
DocumentBuilder builder = null;
try {
builder = dBF.newDocumentBuilder();
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

InputSource input = new InputSource(”Employee.xml”);
Document doc = null;
try {
doc = builder.parse(input);
} catch (SAXException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return doc;

}

/*
* Employee.xml
*
* Shawn
* Michaels
*
*/

public ArrayList CreateListOfObjects(Document doc) {
ArrayList employeesList = new ArrayList();

Element root = doc.getDocumentElement();

// Retrieve the list of Empolyee Nodes

NodeList employeeList = root.getElementsByTagName(”Employee”);

for (int i = 0; i < employeeList.getLength(); i++) {
Element employeeElement = (Element) employeeList.item(i);
String gender = employeeElement.getAttribute("gender");
// java xml nodelist
NodeList firstNameList = employeeElement
.getElementsByTagName("FirstName");
Element firstNameElement = (Element) firstNameList.item(0);
Text firstNameText = (Text) firstNameElement.getFirstChild();
String fName = firstNameText.getNodeValue();

NodeList lastNameList = employeeElement
.getElementsByTagName("LastName");
Element lastNameElement = (Element) lastNameList.item(0);
Text lastNameText = (Text) lastNameElement.getFirstChild();
String lName = lastNameText.getNodeValue();

Employees emp = new Employees(fName, gender, lName);
employeesList.add(emp);

}

return employeesList;
}

public static void main(String args[]) {
BuildXmlUsingDom buildXmlUsingDom = new BuildXmlUsingDom();
System.out
.println("Processing Employee.xml to create Employee Objects");
Document doc = buildXmlUsingDom.readingXMLFromFile();
ArrayList empList = buildXmlUsingDom
.CreateListOfObjects(doc);
System.out.println(”The Employee Objects are”);
for (int i = 0; i < empList.size(); i++) {
System.out.println(empList.get(i));
}

}
}

[/sourcecode]

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